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Liquid Fuels Scope 1 (Direct — fuel combustion)

Petrol (Automotive Gasoline)

Reviewed by Afonso Firmo, Co-Founder & Director · Updated 7 July 2026

Petrol burned in cars and light commercial vehicles emits 2.3126 kg CO₂-e per litre (NGA Factors 2025). Worked examples, calculator and NGER guidance.

Emission Factor Value

2.3126 kg CO₂-e/litre

Try it with your own numbers

Estimated emissions

Petrol burned in vehicles your organisation owns or controls is Scope 1. Calculated as litres × 2.3126 kg CO₂-e/L (NGA Factors 2025, Table 9). Add 0.5882 kg CO₂-e/L separately for upstream Scope 3.

Official Source & Citation

This emission factor is sourced from the Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025 , Table 9 — Fuels used for transport energy purposes, published by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW).

Citation: DCCEEW (2025). Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025. Commonwealth of Australia. Available at: https://www.dcceew.gov.au/climate-change/publications/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-2025

Notes

Derived from NGA Factors 2025 Table 9 (cars and light commercial vehicles): energy content 34.2 GJ/kL × combined Scope 1 emission factor 67.62 kg CO₂-e/GJ = 2,312.6 kg CO₂-e/kL, i.e. 2.3126 kg CO₂-e per litre. Petrol in stationary equipment uses 67.8 kg CO₂-e/GJ (2.3188 kg/L). The upstream (Scope 3) factor is 17.2 kg CO₂-e/GJ (0.5882 kg CO₂-e/litre), reported separately.

Calculation Example

If a passenger car used 1,600 litres of petrol during the year:

Working Result
1,600 L × 2.3126 kg CO₂-e/L = 3,700.2 kg CO₂-e 3.70 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Petrol is the fuel most Australians burn without thinking about it, and for organisations with pool cars, vans or sales fleets it quietly accumulates into a material Scope 1 figure. Converting litres at the bowser into tonnes of CO₂-e takes one multiplication — provided you use the current factor.

Everything below is drawn from the NGA Factors 2025 for the 2025–26 reporting year. Apply it manually, or run your fuel card data through a Scope 1 and 2 calculator to automate the whole exercise.

Quick Verdict

Petrol (automotive gasoline) used in cars and light commercial vehicles in Australia emits 2.3126 kg CO₂-e per litre, reported under Scope 1. The factor is derived from petrol’s energy content of 34.2 GJ/kL and the combined emission factor of 67.62 kg CO₂-e/GJ in Table 9 of the NGA Factors 2025. It applies to any organisation with petrol vehicles under its operational control; employee-owned and contractor vehicles fall to Scope 3 instead. Upstream fuel-supply emissions add a further 0.5882 kg CO₂-e per litre under Scope 3, and the ethanol share of blends like E10 is calculated separately at 0.0094 kg CO₂-e/L.

How to Calculate Petrol Emissions

Emissions (kg CO₂-e) = Litres of petrol × 2.3126

Or in NGA energy terms: E (t CO₂-e) = kL × 34.2 GJ/kL × 67.62 kg CO₂-e/GJ ÷ 1,000.

Worked Example 1: Single Passenger Car

A pool car uses an assumed 1,600 litres of petrol over the year — around the Australian passenger-car average.

1,600 L × 2.3126 = 3,700.2 kg CO₂-e

3.70 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Worked Example 2: Business Van

A courier van consumes an assumed 2,200 litres of petrol.

2,200 L × 2.3126 = 5,087.7 kg CO₂-e

5.09 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Worked Example 3: Sales Fleet

A company runs 25 petrol cars at roughly 1,600 litres each — 40,000 litres in total.

40,000 L × 2.3126 = 92,504 kg CO₂-e

92.50 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

How Petrol Compares to Other Transport Fuels

Fuel (transport use)Scope 1 factor (kg CO₂-e/L)
Diesel (cars & LCVs)2.7178
Aviation turbine fuel2.5837
Petrol2.3126
Aviation gasoline (avgas)2.2395
LPG (transport)1.5982
Biodiesel0.0865
Ethanol0.0094

All values from NGA Factors 2025, Table 9.

NGER and AASB S2 Reporting

Fleet petrol is Scope 1 fuel combustion under the NGER scheme, reported in litres converted to energy and emissions using the Table 9 factors. Under AASB S2, it sits inside your mandatory Scope 1 disclosure, with employee and contractor fuel captured in Scope 3 where material — an activity-based emissions calculator can handle the split automatically.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the emission factor for petrol in Australia?
Petrol used in cars and light commercial vehicles emits 2.3126 kg CO₂-e per litre under the NGA Factors 2025. It is derived from petrol's energy content of 34.2 GJ/kL and the combined Scope 1 factor of 67.62 kg CO₂-e/GJ in Table 9.
Which scope do petrol emissions fall under?
Petrol burned in vehicles your organisation owns or controls under its consolidation boundary is Scope 1. Fuel used in employee-owned cars for business travel, or by contractors, is Scope 3. The combustion factor is the same — only the reporting category changes.
How do I measure petrol consumption for reporting?
Fuel card transactions are the most reliable activity data because they give litres per vehicle. Reimbursement records or fuel receipts work for smaller fleets. Estimating from kilometres and assumed fuel economy is a fallback, and any assumptions should be documented.
Does the petrol factor include upstream emissions?
No. The 2.3126 kg/L covers combustion only. The NGA Factors publish an upstream factor of 17.2 kg CO₂-e/GJ — about 0.5882 kg CO₂-e per litre — for extraction, refining and distribution, reported under Scope 3.
Is the factor different for petrol used in stationary equipment?
Marginally. Petrol in stationary equipment such as small generators uses 67.8 kg CO₂-e/GJ, which converts to 2.3188 kg CO₂-e per litre — about 0.3% higher than the transport value of 2.3126. Classify the use correctly for NGER purposes.
How does E10 petrol affect my emissions calculation?
The ethanol share is treated separately because its CO₂ is biogenic. For E10, apply the petrol factor to 90% of litres and the ethanol transport factor of 0.0094 kg CO₂-e/L to the remaining 10%. That makes E10 roughly 10% lower in reportable Scope 1 emissions per litre.
How does petrol compare with diesel per litre?
Petrol is lower per litre: 2.3126 kg CO₂-e against 2.7178 kg CO₂-e for transport diesel. Diesel engines usually consume fewer litres per kilometre, so the per-kilometre gap is narrower than the per-litre numbers suggest.
Where does the petrol emission factor come from?
From the Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025, published by DCCEEW. Table 9 lists automotive gasoline with an energy content of 34.2 GJ/kL and a combined factor of 67.62 kg CO₂-e/GJ for cars and light commercial vehicles.

Disclaimer

This page is provided for general information, not professional or compliance advice. The factor shown is reproduced from the official publication cited above, and while we work to keep it current, government factors change — the publication is always the authoritative source.

  • Before using this value in any formal reporting — including under the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 — confirm it against the current official publication and the methods specified by the Clean Energy Regulator.
  • NetNada is independent of the Australian Government, DCCEEW, and the Clean Energy Regulator. Government data is Crown copyright, Commonwealth of Australia.

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