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Liquid Fuels Scope 1 (Direct — fuel combustion)

Liquefied Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Reviewed by Afonso Firmo, Co-Founder & Director · Updated 7 July 2026

Liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons emit 2.4056 kg CO₂-e per litre combusted (NGA Factors 2025). Worked examples, calculator and NGER-ready guidance.

Emission Factor Value

2.4056 kg CO₂-e/litre

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Estimated emissions

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Aromatic hydrocarbons combusted in equipment you own or control are Scope 1. Calculated as litres × 2.4056 kg CO₂-e/L (NGA Factors 2025, Table 8). Add 0.6192 kg CO₂-e/L separately for upstream Scope 3.

Official Source & Citation

This emission factor is sourced from the Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025 , Table 8 — Liquid fuels and certain petroleum-based products, published by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW).

Citation: DCCEEW (2025). Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025. Commonwealth of Australia. Available at: https://www.dcceew.gov.au/climate-change/publications/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-2025

View official publication ↗

Notes

Derived from NGA Factors 2025 Table 8: energy content 34.4 GJ/kL × combined Scope 1 emission factor 69.93 kg CO₂-e/GJ (69.7 CO₂ + 0.03 CH₄ + 0.2 N₂O) = 2,405.59 kg CO₂-e/kL, i.e. 2.4056 kg CO₂-e per litre. Applies to aromatic streams such as benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) burned for energy. The upstream (Scope 3) factor is 18 kg CO₂-e/GJ (0.6192 kg CO₂-e/litre), reported separately under Scope 3.

Calculation Example

If a facility combusted 10,000 litres of liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons during the year:

Working Result
10,000 L × 2.4056 kg CO₂-e/L = 24,056 kg CO₂-e 24.06 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Benzene, toluene, xylene and their blends spend most of their working lives as chemical feedstocks and solvents — but when an aromatic stream is burned for energy, it becomes a Scope 1 fuel with its own line in the national factors.

The values below come from the NGA Factors 2025 and apply to the 2025–26 reporting year. If aromatics are one fuel among many at your site, emission factor control keeps each stream matched to the right factor.

Quick Verdict

Liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons emit 2.4056 kg CO₂-e per litre when combusted, reported under Scope 1. The factor is derived from an energy content of 34.4 GJ/kL and the combined emission factor of 69.93 kg CO₂-e/GJ in Table 8 of the NGA Factors 2025. It applies to aromatic streams such as BTX burned for energy — not to quantities consumed as feedstock or solvent. A separate upstream factor of 18 kg CO₂-e/GJ (0.6192 kg CO₂-e/L) is reported under Scope 3.

How to Calculate Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emissions

Emissions (kg CO₂-e) = Litres combusted × 2.4056

Or in NGA energy terms: E (t CO₂-e) = kL × 34.4 GJ/kL × 69.93 kg CO₂-e/GJ ÷ 1,000.

Worked Example 1: Process Trial

A chemical facility burns 500 litres of an aromatic stream during a process trial.

500 L × 2.4056 = 1,202.8 kg CO₂-e

1.20 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Worked Example 2: Chemical Plant

A plant combusts 2,000 litres of off-specification aromatic product for process heat.

2,000 L × 2.4056 = 4,811.2 kg CO₂-e

4.81 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

Worked Example 3: Annual Site Use

A site burns 10,000 litres of aromatic hydrocarbons across the reporting year.

10,000 L × 2.4056 = 24,056 kg CO₂-e

24.06 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)

How Aromatics Compare to Other Liquid Fuels

FuelScope 1 factor (kg CO₂-e/L)Energy content (GJ/kL)
Fuel oil2.931439.7
Diesel (stationary)2.709738.6
Liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons2.405634.4
Mineral turpentine / white spirits2.405634.4
Naphtha2.192331.4

All values from NGA Factors 2025, Table 8.

NGER and AASB S2 Reporting

Combustion of aromatic hydrocarbons is Scope 1 energy use under the NGER scheme, reported with the Table 8 factors — while feedstock use follows separate NGER rules, so classify each stream carefully. Under AASB S2, the combustion emissions form part of your mandatory Scope 1 disclosure, and a Scope 1 and 2 calculator keeps the fuel-by-fuel arithmetic auditable.

Related Emission Factors

Mineral Turpentine

2.4056 kg CO₂-e/litre

Naphtha

2.1923 kg CO₂-e/litre

Petroleum Based Oils

0.5393 kg CO₂-e/litre

Fuel Oil

2.9314 kg CO₂-e/litre

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the emission factor for liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons in Australia?
Liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons emit 2.4056 kg CO₂-e per litre when combusted under the NGA Factors 2025. The value is derived from an energy content of 34.4 GJ/kL and the combined Scope 1 factor of 69.93 kg CO₂-e/GJ in Table 8.
What are liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons?
Petroleum-derived aromatic streams — benzene, toluene, xylenes and mixed BTX cuts — used mainly as chemical feedstocks and solvents. This factor applies when such streams are combusted for energy; material locked into products as feedstock is treated differently under NGER.
Which scope does combusting aromatic hydrocarbons fall under?
Combustion in boilers, heaters or plant your organisation owns or controls is Scope 1 (direct emissions). The upstream emissions from producing and transporting the product are Scope 3, covered by a separate factor of 18 kg CO₂-e/GJ (0.6192 kg CO₂-e/L).
Does the factor apply to aromatics used as solvents or feedstock?
No — only to quantities burned for energy. Aromatics consumed as chemical feedstock or evaporated as solvent are accounted for under different methods. Solvent products like mineral turpentine and white spirits share the same combustion factor when burned, listed separately in Table 8.
How do I convert litres of aromatic hydrocarbons to gigajoules?
Liquefied aromatic hydrocarbons have an energy content of 34.4 GJ per kilolitre, so 1,000 litres equals 34.4 GJ. NGER reporting works in energy terms, and 34.4 GJ/kL × 69.93 kg CO₂-e/GJ gives 2,405.59 kg CO₂-e per kilolitre.
How do aromatics compare with diesel and petrol per litre?
At 2.4056 kg CO₂-e/L, aromatic hydrocarbons sit between petrol (2.3126 for transport use) and diesel (2.7097 stationary). Per gigajoule they are almost identical to diesel — 69.93 versus 70.20 kg CO₂-e/GJ — but their lower energy density brings the per-litre value down.
Does the 2.4056 kg/L factor include upstream emissions?
No. It covers combustion only (Scope 1). The NGA Factors 2025 publish a separate upstream factor of 18 kg CO₂-e/GJ for production and transport — 0.6192 kg CO₂-e per litre — reported under Scope 3.
Do I report aromatic hydrocarbon combustion under NGER and AASB S2?
Yes. If your organisation meets NGER thresholds, combustion of aromatic hydrocarbons is Scope 1 energy use reported to the Clean Energy Regulator with the Table 8 factors. Under AASB S2, it forms part of the mandatory Scope 1 disclosure in your climate statement.

Disclaimer

This page is provided for general information, not professional or compliance advice. The factor shown is reproduced from the official publication cited above, and while we work to keep it current, government factors change — the publication is always the authoritative source.

  • Before using this value in any formal reporting — including under the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 — confirm it against the current official publication and the methods specified by the Clean Energy Regulator.
  • NetNada is independent of the Australian Government, DCCEEW, and the Clean Energy Regulator. Government data is Crown copyright, Commonwealth of Australia.
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