Coal Coke
Reviewed by Afonso Firmo, Co-Founder & Director · Updated 7 July 2026
Coal coke has an emission factor of 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e per tonne combusted (NGA Factors 2025). Calculate Scope 1 emissions with worked examples and tools.
Emission Factor Value
2,895.21 kg CO₂-e/tonne
Try it with your own numbers
Estimated emissions
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Fuel combustion emissions are reported under Scope 1. Calculated as quantity × 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e per tonne (27 GJ/t × 107.23 kg CO₂-e/GJ, NGA Factors 2025 Table 4).
Official Source & Citation
This emission factor is sourced from the Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025 , Table 4 — Solid fuels and certain coal-based products, published by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW).
Citation: DCCEEW (2025). Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025. Commonwealth of Australia. Available at: https://www.dcceew.gov.au/climate-change/publications/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-2025
Notes
Derived from NGA Factors 2025 Table 4: energy content 27 GJ/t × combined Scope 1 emission factor 107.23 kg CO₂-e/GJ = 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e per tonne. No Scope 3 upstream factor is estimated for coal coke in NGA 2025. 1 tonne combusted = 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e.
Calculation Example
If your facility combusted 40 tonnes of coal coke during the year:
| Working | Result |
|---|---|
| 40 t × 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e/t = 115,808.4 kg CO₂-e | 115.81 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1) |
Coal coke is what remains when coking coal is baked free of volatiles: nearly pure carbon, which is precisely why it tops the per-tonne emissions table for solid fossil fuels. Foundries, smelters and sinter plants burning coke need this number front and centre in their Scope 1 inventory.
The 2025–26 factor and its supporting values are below, along with three worked examples you can reproduce in a Scope 1 and 2 calculator.
Quick Verdict
Coal coke has a combined Scope 1 emission factor of 107.23 kg CO₂-e per gigajoule under the NGA Factors 2025 — the highest per-GJ value of any solid fossil fuel in Table 4. At an energy content of 27 GJ per tonne, each tonne combusted produces 2,895.21 kg of CO₂-equivalent. The organisation operating the furnace or cupola reports these emissions under Scope 1. NGA 2025 does not estimate an upstream Scope 3 factor for coke. Values are published by DCCEEW and apply to the 2025–26 reporting year.
How to Calculate Coal Coke Emissions
Emissions (t CO₂-e) = Quantity (t) × Energy content (27 GJ/t) × Emission factor (107.23 kg CO₂-e/GJ) ÷ 1,000
Worked Example 1: Foundry burning 1,000 tonnes
An iron foundry charges 1,000 tonnes of coke to its cupolas over the year.
1,000 t × 27 GJ/t = 27,000 GJ of energy
27,000 GJ × 107.23 kg CO₂-e/GJ = 2,895,210 kg CO₂-e
2,895.21 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)
Worked Example 2: Small smelter burning 40 tonnes
A specialty smelter consumes 40 tonnes. Using the per-tonne shortcut:
40 t × 2,895.21 kg CO₂-e/t = 115,808.4 kg CO₂-e
115.81 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)
Worked Example 3: Energy-based records of 500 GJ
A site’s metering shows 500 GJ of coke consumed in the period.
500 GJ × 107.23 kg CO₂-e/GJ = 53,615 kg CO₂-e
53.62 tonnes CO₂-e (Scope 1)
How Coal Coke Compares to Other Solid Fuels
| Fuel | Energy content (GJ/t) | Scope 1 EF (kg CO₂-e/GJ) | kg CO₂-e per tonne |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coal coke | 27 | 107.23 | 2,895.21 |
| Coking coal | 30 | 92.03 | 2,760.90 |
| Anthracite | 29 | 90.24 | 2,616.96 |
| Bituminous coal | 27 | 90.24 | 2,436.48 |
| Coal tar | 37.5 | 82.03 | 3,076.13 |
| Charcoal (biomass) | 31.1 | 6.3 | 195.93 |
NGER and AASB S2 Reporting
Coke combustion is a standard NGER source for metals facilities: reporters above the thresholds submit these emissions to the Clean Energy Regulator using current Table 4 factors. Under AASB S2, the same Scope 1 tonnes must appear in your climate disclosure, alongside any coke oven gas or blast furnace gas streams reported separately.
Related Emission Factors
Frequently Asked Questions
Disclaimer
This page is provided for general information, not professional or compliance advice. The factor shown is reproduced from the official publication cited above, and while we work to keep it current, government factors change — the publication is always the authoritative source.
- Before using this value in any formal reporting — including under the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 — confirm it against the current official publication and the methods specified by the Clean Energy Regulator.
- NetNada is independent of the Australian Government, DCCEEW, and the Clean Energy Regulator. Government data is Crown copyright, Commonwealth of Australia.