Resource Transformation: 50% of Emissions Are Process-Based, Not Energy
Chemical, steel, cement, and plastic manufacturers generate significant Scope 1 process emissions beyond energy consumption. Cement clinker production releases CO2 from limestone calcination. Steel production via blast furnace uses metallurgical coal. NetNada tracks both energy and process emissions for heavy industry.
Common Emission Challenges in Resource Transformation
Manufacturing entities face carbon accounting complexity from energy-intensive processes, chemical reactions that release CO2, and global supply chains for raw materials and intermediate products.
Process Emissions vs Energy Emissions
Cement: 60% of emissions from limestone calcination (CaCO3 → CaO + CO2), 40% from fuel combustion. Steel blast furnace: carbon from metallurgical coal reacts with iron ore releasing CO2. Must track both types separately for reduction strategies.
Product Carbon Intensity Variation
Plastic resins vary widely: Virgin PET (2.2 kgCO2/kg), recycled PET (0.5 kgCO2/kg). Chemicals vary by feedstock: Steam cracking ethylene from naphtha (1.8 kgCO2/kg) vs bio-ethylene from ethanol (0.3 kgCO2/kg). Requires product-level tracking.
Scope 3 Sold Product End-of-Life
Plastics and chemicals manufacturers must estimate emissions from customer use and disposal. Plastic incineration releases fossil CO2. Landfilled plastic degrades slowly. Chemical products may be precursors to customer products with varied lifecycle.
Alternative Process Technology Carbon Impact
Green steel (H2 direct reduction) vs traditional blast furnace. Electric arc furnace (EAF) using scrap steel. Green cement (limestone alternatives, carbon capture). Must calculate emissions impact of process technology switches.
EU CBAM Taxes Heavy Industry Imports Based on Carbon Intensity
EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) applies tariffs to imported steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, electricity based on embodied carbon vs EU benchmark. Requires product-level carbon intensity reporting. AASB S2 and CSRD require Scope 1, 2, and material Scope 3 disclosure. Investors screen heavy industry on decarbonization capex and transition plans.
Resource Transformation Industries
Select your industry for tailored carbon accounting solutions and SASB-aligned reporting guidance.
Aerospace & Defence
Manufacturing of aircraft, aerospace parts, defense products, missiles, naval ships, and firearms.
Learn moreChemicals
Production of commodity chemicals, agricultural chemicals, specialty chemicals, and industrial gases.
Learn moreContainers & Packaging
Manufacturing of metal, plastic, paper, and glass packaging products including cans, bottles, and corrugated boxes.
Learn moreElectrical & Electronic Equipment
Manufacturing power equipment, HVAC systems, lighting, automation controls, and electrical components.
Learn moreIndustrial Machinery & Goods
Manufacturing of construction equipment, engines, turbines, pumps, locomotives, and industrial machinery.
Learn moreTrack Process and Energy Emissions Across Manufacturing Operations
See how chemical, steel, and cement manufacturers measure process emissions, calculate product carbon intensity, and meet CBAM reporting requirements.